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==Events== * 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake. * 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the Tang court, but the plot is foiled. *1287 – St. Lucia's flood: The Zuiderzee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses, killing over 50,000 people. *1542 – Princess Mary Stuart becomes Mary, Queen of Scots. *1751 – The Theresian Military Academy is founded as the first military academy in the world. *1782 – The Montgolfier brothers' first balloon lifts off on its first test flight. *1812 – The French invasion of Russia comes to an end as the remnants of the Grande Armée are expelled from Russia. *1814 – War of 1812: The Royal Navy seizes control of Lake Borgne, Louisiana. *1819 – Alabama becomes the 22nd U.S. state. *1836 – The Toledo War unofficially ends. *1896 – The Glasgow Underground Railway is opened by the Glasgow District Subway Company. *1900 – Quantum mechanics: Max Planck presents a theoretical derivation of his black-body radiation law. *1902 – The Commercial Pacific Cable Company lays the first Pacific telegraph cable, from San Francisco to Honolulu. *1903 – The Wright brothers make their first attempt to fly with the ''Wright Flyer'' at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. *1907 – The schooner runs aground and founders near the Hellweather's Reef within the Isles of Scilly in a gale. The pilot and 15 seamen die. *1909 – New South Wales Premier Charles Wade signs the Seat of Government Surrender Act 1909, formally completing the transfer of State land to the Commonwealth to create the Australian Capital Territory. *1911 – Roald Amundsens team, comprising himself, Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, and Oscar Wisting, becomes the first to reach the South Pole. *1913 – , the fourth and last ship, launches, eventually becoming one of the Japanese workhorses during World War I and World War II. *1914 – Lisandro de la Torre and others found the Democratic Progressive Party (''Partido Demócrata Progresista'', PDP) at the Hotel Savoy, Buenos Aires, Argentina. *1918 – Friedrich Karl von Hessen, a German prince elected by the Parliament of Finland to become King Väinö I, renounces the Finnish throne. * 1918 – Portuguese President Sidónio Pais is assassinated. *1939 – Winter War: The Soviet Union is expelled from the League of Nations for invading Finland. *1941 – World War II: Japan signs a treaty of alliance with Thailand. *1946 – The United Nations General Assembly votes to establish its headquarters in New York, New York. *1947 – Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, home of Real Madrid C.F., staged its first football match. *1955 – Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Ceylon, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Laos, Libya, Nepal, Portugal, Romania and Spain join the United Nations. *1958 – The 3rd Soviet Antarctic Expedition becomes the first to reach the southern pole of inaccessibility. *1961 – Tanganyika joins the United Nations. *1962 – NASA's ''Mariner 2'' becomes the first spacecraft to fly by Venus. *1963 – The dam containing the Baldwin Hills Reservoir bursts, killing five people and damaging hundreds of homes in Los Angeles, California. *1964 – American Civil Rights Movement: ''Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States'' – The Supreme Court of the United States rules that Congress can use the Constitution's Commerce Clause to fight discrimination. *1971 – Bangladesh Liberation War: Over 200 of East Pakistans intellectuals are executed by the Pakistan Army and their local allies. (The date is commemorated in Bangladesh as Martyred Intellectuals Day.) *1972 – Apollo program: Eugene Cernan is the last person to walk on the moon, after he and Harrison Schmitt complete the third and final extra-vehicular activity (EVA) of the ''Apollo 17'' mission. *1981 – Arab–Israeli conflict: Israel's Knesset ratifies the ''Golan Heights Law'', extending Israeli law to the occupied Golan Heights. *1983 – The third Congress of the Communist Youth of Greece starts. *1988 – The ET3 television network is launched in Thessaloniki, Greece. *1992 – War in Abkhazia: Siege of Tkvarcheli – A helicopter carrying evacuees from Tkvarcheli is shot down, resulting in at least 52 deaths, including 25 children. The incident catalyses more concerted Russian military intervention on behalf of Abkhazia. *1994 – Construction begins on the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze river. *1995 – Yugoslav Wars: The Dayton Agreement is signed in Paris by the leaders of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. *1998 – Yugoslav Wars: The Yugoslav Army ambushes a group of Kosovo Liberation Army fighters attempting to smuggle weapons from Albania into Kosovo, killing 36. *1999 – Torrential rains cause flash floods in Vargas, Venezuela, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths, the destruction of thousands of homes, and the complete collapse of the state's infrastructure. *2003 – Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf narrowly escapes an assassination attempt. *2004 – The Millau Viaduct, the tallest bridge in the world, is formally inaugurated near Millau, France. *2008 – Muntadhar al-Zaidi throws his shoes at then-U.S. President George W. Bush during a press conference in Baghdad, Iraq. *2012 – Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting: Twenty-eight people, including the gunman, are killed in Sandy Hook, Connecticut. *2013 – A reported coup attempt in South Sudan leads to continued fighting and hundreds of casualties. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「December 14」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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